Base de dados : HANSEN Pesquisa : MYCOBACTERIUM LEPRAE/IMUNOL [Descritor de assunto] Referências encontradas : 393 [refinar] Mostrando: 1 .. 20   no formato [Detalhado]

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Id: 27284 Autor: Job, Charles K; Baskaran, Balasubramani; Jayakumar, Joseph; Aschhoff, Maria. Título: Pathologic changes in a tibial nerve with surviving M. leprae in a healed tuberculoid leprosy patient. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):90-94, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: A tibial nerve from a disease-arrested borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy patient was dissected out and examined almost in its entirety using hematoxylin and eosin staining, a modified Fite's stain for acid-fast bacilli (AFB), solochrome cyanin stain for myelin, and van Gieson's stain for fibrous tissue. Fibrosis of the perineurium and epineurium and fibrous replacement of the nerve parenchyma, which was maximum at the ankle joint area, were seen. In focal areas inflammation was present, especially in the epineurium around blood and lymph vessels. Even 21 years after adequate antileprosy therapy, AFB were present in the endoneurium in all except 2 of the 10 segments of the nerve, evoking hardly an inflammatory reaction or other ill effects. It is pointed out that BT leprosy should also be considered a generalized disease, especially when there is peripheral nerve trunk involvement and, in such cases, a longer duration of currently available antileprosy therapy is advisable. Trauma to nerve trunk plays a major role in producing nerve destruction and paralysis. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase Tuberculóide/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27283 Autor: Yogi, Yasuko; Nomaguchi, Hiroko; Sakamoto, Yoshiki; Matsuoka, Masanori; Fujimura, Takao; Okamura, Haruki; Hioki, Kyoji; Saito, Muneo; Nomura, Tatsuji. Título: Cytokine gene expression in the foot pad and spleen of BALB/cAJcI mice infected with M. leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):80-89, Mar., 1997. ilus, tab. Resumo: The cytokine mRNAs expressed in the foot pads and spleens of BALB/cAJcl mice infected with Mycobacterium leprae were studied by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method using cytokine-specific primers for interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1 alpha), -2, -4, -6, -10, -12-(p40), gamma interferon (IFN-gamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and TNF-beta, and then for CD4 and CD8 markers. The pattern of cytokine gene expression in the foot pad which supports M. leprae growth was different from the expression in the spleen which does not permit M. leprae multiplication in mice. Before BALB/cAjcl mice were infected with M. leprae, IL-1 alpha and TNF-beta mRNAs were expressed physiologically in the foot pad while all of the cytokine genes examined were expressed in the spleen. In the foot pads of mice inoculated with M. leprae, in addition to the physiological appearance of IL-1 alpha and TNF-beta mRNAs, these signals were intensified. TNF-alpha expression was induced by the infection. On the other hand, in the spleens of mice inoculated with M. leprae, CD4 mRNA expression disappeared on day 1 of the infection, which was accompanied by the reduced expression of IL-2, -4, -6, and -12 mRNAs. The recovery of CD4 mRNA expression at a latter stage was accompanied by a corresponding increase of the cytokine mRNA expression. It was suspected that these results might permit restricted growth of M. leprae in the foot pads of normal mice. Furthermore, our study suggests that tissue-specific, local, immunologic characteristics are important in M. leprae growth. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Citocinas/bios Citocinas/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27281 Autor: Nakamura, Chikako; Fukutomi, Yasuo; Kashiwabara, Yoshiko; Oomoto, Yasukazu; Kojima, Miyae; Hayashi, Hidetoshi; Onozaki, Kikuo. Título: Dharmendra antigen but not integral M. leprae is an efficient inducer of immunostimulant cytokine production by human monocytes, and M. leprae lipids inhibit the cytokine production. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):63-72, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: Killed integral Mycobacterium leprae, Mitsuda antigen, and chloroform-treated M. leprae, Dharmendra antigen (Dh-Ag), have been used for the classification of leprosy patients based on cell-mediated immunity. Heat-killed M. leprae also were used as a component of the Convit vaccine. Human blood monocytes were stimulated with M. leprae or Dh-Ag and their cytokine-inducing ability was compared. Monocytes were cultured in the presence of fresh human serum because of the efficiency of cytokine induction and the phagocytosis of M. leprae have been shown to be optimal in the presence of fresh serum. M. leprae and Dh-Ag were equally phagocytosed by monocytes. Dh-Ag was more potent than M. leprae in the induction of immunostimulatory/proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). In contrast, a comparable level of IL-1ra, an immunosuppressive cytokine, was induced by M. leprae and Dh-Ag. The lipids extracted from M. leprae induced none of these cytokines by monocytes. Nevertheless, when monocytes were pretreated with the lipids followed by stimulation with Dh-Ag, productions of IL-1, IL-6 and TNF were all inhibited in a dose-dependent manner. However, the lipids did not inhibit the cytokine production induced by other stimuli including BCG and lipopolysaccharide. Moreover the lipids did not affect the production of IL-1ra. These results suggest that the lipids from M. leprae are responsible for the poor cytokine-inducing ability of M. leprae, thus favoring their infection. These results also suggest that Dh-Ag rather than integral M. leprae may be useful as a vaccine candidate because Dh-Ag is able to induce a large amount of cytokines from monocytes. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Citocinas/metab Monócitos/imunol Monócitos/metab Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27280 Autor: Chaudhury, Sachin; Hajra, Sunil Kumar; Mukerjee, Ashutosh; Saha, Bibbuti; Majumdar, Vibek; Chattapadhya, Debasis; Saha, Kunal. Título: Immunotherapy of lepromin-negative borderline leprosy patients with low-dose convit vaccine as an adjunct to multidrug therapy; a six-year follow-up study in Calcutta. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):56-62, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: The present report, which describes management of lepromin-negative borderline leprosy patients with low-dose Convit vaccine, is an extension of our earlier study on the treatment of lepromatous leprosy patients with low-dose Convit vaccine as an adjunct to multidrug therapy (MDT). The test Group I, consisting of 50 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients, were given low-dose Convit vaccine plus MDT. The control group II consisted of 25 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients given BCG vaccination plus MDT and 25 lepromin-negative, borderline leprosy patients given killed Mycobacterium leprae (human) vaccine plus MDT. The control group III consisted of 50 lepromin-positive, borderline leprosy patients not given any immunostimulation but given only MDT. Depending upon the lepromin unresponsiveness, the patients were given one to four inoculations of the various antileprosy vaccines and were followed up every 3 months for 2 years for clinical, bacteriological and immunological outcome. All patients belonging to the test and control groups showed clinical cure and bacteriological negativity within 2 years. However, immunologic potentiation, assessed by lepromin testing and the leukocyte migration inhibition test (LMIT), was better in the test patients receiving low-dose Convit vaccine plus MDT than in the control patients receiving BCG vaccine plus MDT or killed M. leprae vaccine plus MDT or MDT alone. But the capacity of clearance bacteria (CCB) test from the lepromin granuloma showed poor bacterial clearance in the test patients. However, there was no relapse during 6 years of follow up. Two mid-borderline (BB) patients had severe reversal reactions with lagophthalmos and wrist drop during immunotherapy despite being given low-dose Convit vaccine. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase Dimorfa/quimioter Hanseníase Dimorfa/terap Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27275 Autor: Be Britto, R. Lourduraj John; Ramanathan, Vadakkupattu D; Gupte, Mohan D. Título: Regional lymphadenitis following antileprosy vaccine BCG with killed mycobacterium leprae. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;65(1):12-19, Mar., 1997. tab. Resumo: Phase-II and extended Phase-II studies were conducted in three different sets of the population in Thiruthani Taluk, Chengalpattu District, South India, involving BCG and killed Mycobacterium leprae (KML) combination vaccines to ascertain the acceptability of the vaccines. In the Phase-II study, 997 healthy volunteers were vaccinated on individual randomization with one of the vaccines arms: BCG 0.1 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(6) KML, BCG, 0.1 mg or normal saline. Blood samples were taken and the serum was tested for antibody levels against phenolic glycolipid-I (PGL-I) and the 35-kDa protein of M. leprae. In this study, we observed regional suppurative adenitis in 6% (6 out of 100), 3% (3 out of 100), and 3% (3 out of 100) of the vaccinees in the BCG 0.1 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, and BCG 0.1 mg + 5 x 10(6) KML vaccine arms, respectively, in the 13-70 year age group. Earlier BCG scar status, skin-test reactions to lepromin-A, Rees' MLSA, and serum antibody levels against PGL-I and the 35-kDa protein did not help to identify the group at risk of developing suppurative adenitis. Suppurative adenitis appears to have a different relationship between the age of the subject and the dose of the vaccine. In order to overcome the problem of regional suppurative adenitis and to know the mechanism involved, an extended Phase-II study was conducted in similar groups of the population by reducing the BCG and KML doses, i.e., with BCG 0.05 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML, BCG 0.05 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML, and BCG 0.01 mg + 5 x 10(7) KML. Biopsy specimens were collected from lymph nodes of the suppurative adenitis cases and were subjected for culture and histopathological examination. The observations showed that regional suppurative adenitis could be reduced to 1% in the BCG 0.05 + 6 x 10(8) KML group, 0.5% in the BCG 0.05 + 5 x 10(7) KML group, and 0.5% in the BCG 0.01 + 5 x 10(7) KML group. This phenomenon of suppurative adenitis appears to be related to the total dose of mycobacterial antigens. Suppurative adenitis was seen by weeks 18 and 20 post-vaccination in the latter two lower doses; whereas it was seen by week 8 in the higher dose of the combination vaccines. No case of suppurative adenitis was observed in the BCG 0.1 mg group. Culture and histopathology ruled out the possibilities of progressive BCG infection and superadded infection. Considering the above results, BCG 0.05 mg + 6 x 10(8) KML was acceptable for a large-scale vaccine trial in South India. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/prev Vacina BCG/ef adv Limites: Humanos Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27208 Autor: Gupte, M. D. Título: Vaccine trials against leprosy. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):587-589, Dec. 1998. tab. Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Masculino Feminino Criança Adolescente Adulto Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27207 Autor: Klatser, Paul R. Título: Causative organism and host response: early diagnosis of leprosy. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):586-587, Dec. 1998. . Conferência: Apresentado em: International Leprosy Congress, 15, Beijing, 07-12 Sept. 1998. Descritores: Hanseníase/diag Hanseníase/microbiol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/isol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4repcur03.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27170 Autor: Rivero-Nava, Laura; Quesada-Pascual, Fausto; Estrada-Garcia, Iris; Estrada-Parra, Sergio; Santos-Argumedo, Leopoldo. Título: Cellular immune responses of health and Mycobacterium leprae-inoculated armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus). Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):485-487, Dec. 1998. graf. Descritores: Tatus/genet Hanseníase Virchowiana/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4cor02.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27167 Autor: Yogi, Yasuko; Endoh, Masumi; Banba, Tomoko; Okamura, Haruki; Nomaguchi, Hiroko. Título: Susceptibility to Mycobacterium leprae of ALY (Alymphoplasia) mice and IFN-gamma induction in the culture supernatant of spleen cells. Fonte: Int. J. Lepr;66(4):464-474, Dec. 1998. ilus, graf. Resumo: The aly/aly (alymphoplasia) mice from a mutation of a colony of the C57BL/6J mouse strain, which has a systemic absence of lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, are deficient in both T- and B-cell-mediated immune functions. We have undertaken a comparison of susceptibility to Mycobacterium leprae of ALY (aly/aly, aly/+) mice with C57BL/6J mice. The aly/aly mouse was found to have an excellent high susceptibility to M. leprae with no distinction between female and male. The aly/+ mouse also was more susceptible to M. leprae at an earlier stage than the C57BL/6J mouse. Therefore, we examined and compared the cytokine gene expression and gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) induction in the splenocytes of ALY mice. The expression of interleukin 4 (IL-4), IL-10 and IL-12 mRNA was weakly stimulated with ML-lysate in inoculated aly/aly mice but IL-2, IL-6, IGIF/IL-18 and IFN-gamma mRNA were not observed. None of the cytokine genes used appeared, except the mRNA for IL-1-alpha, when uninfected cultured spleen cells were stimulated with ML-lysate. Also, IFN-gamma production was not induced. However, the appearance of these cytokine genes was observed when stimulated with concanavalin A (ConA), and IFN-gamma production was also induced in the culture supernatant by aly/+ and even aly/aly mice stimulated with ConA. To examine the reason why IFN-gamma cannot be produced by splenocytes of ALY mice inoculated with M. leprae, we detected cytokine gene expression and IFN-gamma induction in the presence of recombinant murine IL-12 or IGIF/IL-18. IL-2 mRNA expression was detected in all of the mice tested in the presence of IL-12 but not in aly/aly mice under IGIF/IL-18, and iNOS mRNA expression was not observed in aly/aly mice under IL-12 or IGIF/IL-18. IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA were detected by aly/aly mice only by exposure to IGIF/IL-18. In culture, the supernatant with ML antigens of the aly/aly mice did not produce IFN-gamma in spite of the presence of IL-12 and IGIF/IL-18, while IFN-gamma was weakly induced in aly/+ mice stimulated with ML-lysate and in the presence of IGIF/IL-18. Nevertheless, IFN-gamma production was observed in splenocytes of the aly/aly mice stimulated with ConA and also with IGIF/IL-18 plus anti-CD3 antibody. Our results suggest that ALY mice might be showing a high susceptibility to M. leprae because of deficient priming for activation of T cells with the leprosy bacilli infection. Moreover, it is possible that the phagocytic activities of the macrophages of ALY mice are also impaired. (AU)^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/genet Hanseníase/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Camundongos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1998/pdf/v66n4/v66n4a04.pdf - en. Localização: BR191.1

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Id: 27153 Autor: Antia, Noshir H. Título: A critique on the interpretation of the lepromin reaction using heat kiled M. leprae vaccine. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):110-111, Mar. 1989. . Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/imunol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1cor01.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27149 Autor: Tzue-Chun, Liu; Zhong-Min, Ji; Skinsnes, Olaf K. Título: Light and electron-microscopic study of M. leprae infected Armadillo Neves. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):65-72, Mar. 1989. ^bilus, ^btab. Resumo: Lesions in peripheral nerves of armadillos experimentally infected with Mycobacterium leprae were studied by light- and electron-microscopy. Bacilli could be found clearly inside axons of unmyelinated nerve fibers. Heavily bacillated Schwann cells were seen embracing unmyelinated axons with interrupted cytoplasmic membranes. This indicated the initiation of rupture of those cells which were responsible for the liberation of bacilli into the axons. The nerve lesions were divided into three grades according to their severity: grade I showed lesions focalized in the perineurium; grade II lesions were scattered inside nerve tissue; and in grade III lesions the nerve tissues were diffusely affected. No regressive changes, such as fibrosis or scar formation, were seen in the nerve lesions. Bacillated macrophages were not as foamy as those of human lesions, indicating that these bacillated cells were younger or more easily disrupted with a higher turnover than the cells in human lesions. This would promote the spread of lesions in armadillos, and would explain the less foamy appearance of the cells. We found bacilli inside lymphatics surrounding the nerves, substantiating the opinion that lesions spread to peripheral nerves not only by a hematogenous route but also by the lymphatics^ien. Descritores: Tatus/microbiol Nervos Periféricos/microbiol Nervos Periféricos/patol Nervos Periféricos/ultraest Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Animais Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a09.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27146 Autor: Stanford, John L; Stanford, Cynthia A; Saidi, Kiumars Ghazi; Dowlati, Yahya; Weiss, Sister Fabiola; Farshchi, Yusef; Madlener, Frits; Rees, Richard JW. Título: Vaccination and skin test studies on the children of leprosy patients. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):38-44, Mar. 1989. ^bgraf, ^btab. Resumo: The purpose of this study carried out in Iranian Azerbaijan was to determine the pattern of skin-test positivity to mycobacterial antigens in children living in the valley, and to assess the effect on this of a series of vaccines against mycobacterial disease. Set up in 1978, 1707 tuberculin-negative children without scars of previous BCG vaccination were vaccinated with BCG Glaxo alone (vaccine A) or with the addition of a suspension of killed Mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine B). One hundred children were vaccinated with BCG Glaxo plus a suspension of M. leprae (vaccine C). Eight to 10 years later about half of the children were found for follow up. At this time further children were skin tested, and the results obtained were related to whether or not they had scars of vaccination with BCG Pasteur (Teheran) given by the local health authorities. Between setting up the study and the first follow up, cases of leprosy or tuberculosis had occurred in some of the villages, although not among those we had vaccinated. Differences between the effects of the vaccines were only found in villages with cases of leprosy. In these villages positivity to leprosin A was significantly greater after vaccine B (49%) than after vaccine A (36%; p less than 0.04). The results for scrofulin and vaccine were the same after both vaccines, and significantly lower than in the villages without cases of leprosy. The general reduction in skin-test positivity in the villages with leprosy cases was mainly due to a loss of category 1 responders to group i, common mycobacterial, antigens. It was concluded that where casual contact with cases of leprosy occurs the combination of BCG with killed M. vaccae is likely to be a better vaccine for leprosy than is BCG alone. Although few children received the combination with M. leprae, the results obtained were not particularly promising^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/prev Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Tuberculose/imunol Tuberculose/prev Limites: Humanos Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a06.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27145 Autor: Ganapati, R; Revankar, Chandrakant R; Lockwood Diana NJ; Wilson, Rowan C; Price, Janet E; Ashton, Penelope; Ashton, Leslie; Holmes, Rowena M; Bennett, Chad; Stanford, John L; Ress, JW. Título: A pilot study of three potential vaccines for leprosy in Bombay. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):33-37, Mar. 1989. ^btab. Resumo: Three vaccines, BCG Glaxo alone (vaccine A), BCG Glaxo plus 10(7) killed Mycobacterium vaccae (vaccine B), and BCG Glaxo plus 10(7) killed M. leprae (vaccine C), were given to groups of selected children. The effects of these vaccines on subsequent quadruple skin testing 1-3 years after vaccination were compared. All three vaccines equally and significantly (p less than 0.00001) increased positivity to tuberculin, but only vaccine B was found to significantly enhance development of skin-test positivity to leprosin A (p less than 0.002). The data support the evidence previously obtained in rural Iran that the combination of BCG with killed M. vaccae is likely to be a better vaccine for leprosy than is BCG alone^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/epidemiol Hanseníase/fisiopatol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Limites: Humanos Pré-Escolar Adolescente Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a05.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27144 Autor: Sinha, Sudhir; Mcentegart, Anne; Girdhar, Bhawneshwar K; Bhatia, Amarjit S; Sengupta, Utpal. Título: Appraisal of two mycobacterium leprae specific serological assays for monitoring chemotherapy in lepromatous (LL/BL) leprosy patients. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):24-32, Mar. 1989. ^bgraf, ^btab. Resumo: Two of the Mycobacterium leprae-specific assays--a serum antibody competition (for an epitope on 35-kDa protein) test (SACT) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the disaccharide epitope of phenolic glycolipid-I (PGDS)--were comparatively evaluated as tools for monitoring chemotherapy in 125 lepromatous leprosy (LL/BL) patients. An adaptation of the SACT from a radioimmunoassay (RIA) to an ELISA procedure is also described. A moderate but statistically significant correlation was observed between the assays, although SACT appeared to be the more sensitive of the two. Levels of antibodies correlated better with the bacterial index (BI) than with the duration of treatment. However, wide individual variations in antibody levels (for a specific duration of treatment or BI) were seen in treated as well as untreated patients. Anti-PGDS antibody response of the IgG type was poorer than that of the IgM type and, apparently, it did not have a bearing on either treatment duration or the BI. Further studies will be needed to clarify whether the treated patients showing a negative (or low) BI and high antibody levels were harboring hidden foci of active infection, and whether treatment could safely be terminated in patients showing low values for both BI and antibody^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase Virchowiana/quimioter Hanseníase Virchowiana/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/isol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a04.pdf - en.

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Id: 27141 Autor: Mustafa, Abu Salim; Qvigstad, Erik. Título: HLA-DR-restricted antigen induced proliferation and cytotoxicity mediated by CD4+ T-cell clones from subjects vaccinated with killed M. leprae. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(1):1-11, Mar. 1989. ^btab. Resumo: Thirteen CD4+ T-cell clones raised against Mycobacterium leprae from three M. leprae-vaccinated subjects were studied for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) restriction in proliferative and cytotoxicity assays. These T-cell clones recognized at least nine different epitopes, ranging from M. leprae-specific to broadly crossreactive. Restriction studies with a panel of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) suggest that all of the T-cell clones recognized antigens in the context of the DR locus. Three T-cell clones with three different reactivities from a DR1, 2-positive subject responded to M. leprae in proliferation and cytotoxicity when the antigen was presented in the context of DR1-positive APCs. Four T-cell clones responding to M. leprae-specific or crossreactive epitopes from the second donor, who was DR4,DW4; DR4,Dw14-positive, and a single M. leprae-specific T-cell clone from the third subject, who was DR3,4:Dw4, recognized the antigens in the presence of Dw4 APCs. Four crossreactive T-cell clones from the second subject responded in the presence of Dw14-positive APCs, and one limited crossreactive clone recognized the antigen in the context of DR4 and DR7-positive cells, suggesting that its response was restricted by a common determinant. The T-cell clones that recognize the 65-kDa, 18-kDa, and 13B3 recombinant M. leprae antigens in proliferative assays were cytotoxic for autologous adherent cells pulsed with the respective antigens^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Linfócitos/imunol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n1/v57n1a01.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27129 Autor: Pannikar, Vijayakumar; Jesudasan, Kumar; Christinan, Melville. Título: Relapse or later reversal reaction. Fonte: Int J Lepr;57(2):526-528, June 1989. ^btab. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/ef drogas Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Hanseníase/imunol Hanseníase/patol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n2/v57n2clinot01.pdf - en. Localização: Br191

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Id: 27124 Autor: Marolia, Jolly; Mahadevan, PR. Título: Reactive oxygen intermediates inactive Mycobacterium leprae in the phagocytes from human peripheral blood. Fonte: Int J Lepr;57(2):483-491, June 1989. ^btab. Resumo: Reactive oxygen intermediates such as hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals are important microbicidal components, and they could also play a role in an infection with Mycobacterium leprae. A comparative study of the level of hydrogen peroxide and superoxide produced by peripheral blood phagocytes from normal healthy individuals and lepromatous leprosy patients showed a deficiency in superoxide production in the patients. In the phagocytes from normal healthy individuals, there was good release of superoxide ions, and this mediated the killing of M. leprae. The lack of superoxide production allowed the viability of M. leprae inside the macrophages from leprosy patients. This deficiency could be rectified by the use of an immunomodulator, the delipidified cell wall of M. leprae. This modulation resulted in the ability of the patients' phagocytes to respond to M. leprae, to produce reactive oxygen intermediates such as superoxide, and also to kill the bacteria. These observations indicate that delipidified cell wall could have significant potential to positively modulate the immune-deficient cells of leprosy patients.^ien. Descritores: Hanseníase Virchowiana/metab Hanseníase Virchowiana/microbiol Hanseníase Virchowiana/reabil Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium leprae/patogen Superóxido Dismutase/bios Superóxido Dismutase/metab Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n2/v57n2a06.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27106 Autor: Khanolkar, Saroj R; Mackenzie, Charles D; Lucas, Subastein B; Hussen, Armal; Girdhar, Bhawneshwar K; Katoch, Kiran; Mcadam, Keith PWJ. Título: Identification fo Mycobacterium leprae antigens in tissues of leprosy patients using monoclonal antibodies. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(3):652-658, sept. 1989. ^btab, ^bilus. Resumo: Five monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed against antigens of Mycobacterium leprae were tested for their ability to bind to components of tissue sections prepared from biopsies taken from patients with various forms of leprosy. Immunoperoxidase was the most successful marker system used, although immunofluorescence and alkaline phosphatase were also successful in certain cases. Positivity was high with all five antibodies successfully staining those sections containing a bacterial index of 3+ or more; sections with 0 bacterial counts also had areas staining positively with two of the MAbs. The positive staining in the tissues was confined to areas infiltrated by inflammatory cells; however it was not identifiable as being associated with individual bacteria. These findings suggest that immunostaining with specific monoclonal antibodies can help to identify leprosy in diagnostic samples in which acid-fast bacilli are not identifiable by standard histochemical means. Immunohistochemical techniques are likely to be valuable in studies of the distribution of M. leprae antigens and their association with individual tissue elements^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Anticorpos Monoclonais/genet Anticorpos Monoclonais/imunol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n3/v57n3a09.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27102 Autor: Tomioka, Haruaki; Yamada, Yoshitaka; Saito, Hajime; Jidoi, Joji. Título: Susceptibilities of Mycobacterium leprae and M. avium complex to the H202-Fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with antimicrobial agents. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(3):628-632, sept. 1989. ^btab. Resumo: The susceptibilities of Mycobacterium leprae and M. avium complex (MAC) to the H2-O2-Fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with antimicrobial agents were evaluated by fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (FDA/EB) staining. In the case of M. leprae, the number of greenstained bacteria (intact cells) was reduced in the presence of the H2O2-Fe-mediated halogenation system supplemented with agents possessing antileprosy activity, such as rifampin, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylsulfone (dapsone), clofazimine, and ofloxacin. In the case of the MAC strain, although viable units of the organisms were reduced by the halogenation system alone, the number of greenstained cells in the FDA/EB stain was not reduced, even when the halogenation system was used in combination with ofloxacin. Because stainability of the cells is related to structural and functional intactness of the membrane, differences between M. leprae and the MAC strain imply possible differences in the rigidity of the cell membrane^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Mycobacterium avium/imunol Mycobacterium avium/fisiol Mycobacterium leprae/fisiol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n3/v57n3a05.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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Id: 27100 Autor: Katoch, Vishwa M; Katoch, Kiran; Ramanathan, Usha; Sharma, Vishnu D; Shivannavar, Chinappa T; Datta, Arun K; Bharadwaj, Ved P. Título: Effect of chemotherapy on viability of Mycobacterium leprae as determined by ATP Content, morphological index and FDA-EB fluorescent staining. Fonte: Int J Lep;57(3):615-620, sept. 1989. ^btab. Resumo: Viable bacterial populations were estimated in bacilli purified from 105 biopsies from 40 untreated and 65 multibacillary leprosy patients treated with multidrug therapy (MDT) for varying periods. The bacilli were purified and viability was determined by ATP content, morphological index (MI), and fluorescein diacetate-ethidium bromide (FDA-EB) staining. Viable populations were calculated, taking 3.58 x 10(-15) g/solid bacillus as the mean ATP content of a viable unit of Mycobacterium leprae. The proportion of viable bacilli was also estimated in the same specimens using solid-staining (MI) and green-staining bacilli by the FDA-EB method. In the untreated cases, the positive viability by ATP assay was 100%, 92% by MI, and 100% by FDA-EB. ATP content per solid bacillus was relatively constant, which was not the case with ATP content per green-staining bacillus. While the MI was zero in all cases, viable bacilli could still be detected by ATP estimations in 5 of the 32 (16%) patients after 2 years of MDT and in 1 of the 20 (5%) patients after 3 years of MDT. No viable bacilli could be detected even by this method beyond 3 years of MDT. On the other hand, green-staining bacilli were demonstrable in 7/32 (22%) of cases after 2 years of MDT, 2/20 (10%) after 3 years of MDT, and 1/13 (8%) after more than 3 years of treatment, indicating that the FDA-EB staining and ATP assay did not detect the same populations. A determination of the ATP content of M. leprae could be used as a reliable and sensitive tool for determining viability of the bacilli^ien. Descritores: Mycobacterium leprae/genet Mycobacterium leprae/imunol Trifosfato de Adenosina/imunol Meio Eletrônico: http://hansen.bvs.ilsl.br/textoc/revistas/intjlepr/1989/pdf/v57n3/v57n3a03.pdf - en. Localização: Br191.1

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